Antara pendatang dan penumpang

Pada mulanya saya agak keberatan nak ulas kekecohan yang berpunca ekoran daripada kenyataan ketua UMNO bahagian Bukit Bendera, Pulau Pinang bernama Ahmad bin Ismail. Sama ada benar atau tidak apa yang didakwa dikatakan olehnya mengenai rakyat Malaysia keturunan Cina bukan persoalannya kerana isu tersebut sudahpun merebak dan mengapi-apikan keadaan.

Jika tidak ditangani dengan cermat, teliti dan bijak, isu itu boleh ditangguk dalam air yang keruh oleh anasir-anasir yang ingin melihat negara ini hancur serta mengundang campur tangan kuasa asing. Dalam zaman dunia tanpa sempadan dan liputan meluas dan segera oleh media elektronik antarabangsa, apa yang berlaku di sesebuah negara itu tidak dapat disembunyi atau dinafikan.

Isu pokok yang dibangkitkan oleh Ahmad Ismail membabitkan persoalan "menumpang" iaitu rakyat Malaysia keturunan Cina adalah penumpang di negara ini. Beliau menjelaskan bahawa ia merujuk kepada zaman pra-Merdeka. Bagaimanapun, sensitiviti rakyat Malaysia keturunan Cina telah terguris.

Saya tidak mengenali secara peribadi Ahmad Ismail, tetapi kenal agak rapat dengan Allahyarham abangnya, Abdul Rahim Ismail, pemilik Syarikat Pembinaan Rahim yang pada satu ketika dahulu agak terkenal sebagai sebuah firma pembinaan Bumiputera yang unggul di Pulau Pinang. Saya tidak tahu apa dah jadi dengan syarikat itu selepas Abdul Rahim meninggal dunia.

Secara peribadi, saya tidak setuju dengan apa yang didakwa dikata oleh Ahmad Ismail atas beberapa sebab.

Bagi saya, hampir 90 peratus rakyat Malaysia, khususnya di Semenanjung, adalah pendatang dan kita semua sebenarnya menumpang hidup di bumi Allah. Kita bukan pemilik kekal tetapi hanya menumpang.

Sebagai contoh, saya sendiri adalah keturunan pendatang yang menumpang hidup di bumi bertuah ini. Datuk nenek di sebelah bapa saya berhijrah dari Makkah dan dari Brunei ke sini manakala di sebelah ibu pula dari Hadhramut, Yaman. Kami adalah pendatang dan penumpang sama seperti hampir semua penduduk negara ini khususnya di Pulau Pinang.

Bagi Ahmad Ismail, dia juga datang dari keluarga pendatang dan menumpang hidup di negara ini. Ahmad Ismail tidak boleh menafikan hakikat bahawa datuk neneknya adalah pendatang dari India untuk menerokai penghidupan yang lebih baik dan selesa di bumi bertuah ini.

Perdana Menteri Abdullah bin Ahmad juga tergolong dalam kategori yang sama. Datuknya di sebelah ibu adalah pendatang dari wilayah Guandong, China. Pendek kata, datuk Pak Lah iaitu bapa Allahyarhamah Kailan bernama Hassan Salleh atau Hah Su Chiang adalah seorang pendatang. Beliau berhijrah ke Tanah Melayu dari wilayah Guandong (Kwantung) pada pertengahan abad ke-19 dan menetap di Bayan Lepas sebagai pekebun getah, pesawah padi dan kemudian saudagar intan berlian.

Najib Tun Razak, Timbalan PM juga berasal daripada keluarga pendatang iaitu dari Sulawesi, Indonesia atau lebih senang disebut orang Bugis manakala sepupunya Hishamudin Hussein tidak terlepas daripada darah keturunan Turki.

Datuk nenek mantan PM Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad juga pendatang dari Kerala, India manakala ibu Almarhum Tunku Abul Rahman berasal dari negeri Siam (Thailand).

Kesultanan Melayu Melaka pun dibuka oleh orang pendatang dari Sumatra bernama Parameswara, seorang anak raja atau bangsawan beragama Hindu.

Dalam sejarah kesultanan Melayu, kita dapati ada yang ditubuh oleh pendatang dari Bugis dan ada pula dari Hadhramut selain dari Minangkabau.

Hampir semua orang Melayu di sini berasal dari luar Tanah Melayu tetapi diiktiraf sebagai "bangsa Melayu" oleh Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Kita adalah "Melayu mengikut takrifan Perlembagaan" iaitu beragama Islam, mengamalkan adat resam Melayu dan bertutur dalam bahasa Melayu. Malangnya, bahasa Melayu nampaknya dimatikan oleh orang Melayu (UMNO) sendiri apabila dinamakan sebagai bahasa Malaysia.

Oleh itu, orang Arab seperti Syed Hamid Albar dan saya, orang Aceh seperti Sanusi Junid, orang India seperti Kader Sheikh Fadzir dan Nor Mohamed Yakcop, orang Bugis seperti Najib, orang Minang seperti Rais Yatim, orang Jawa seperti Mohamad Rahmat dan yang lain seperti dari Madura, Pulau Boyan, Siam, Burma, Yunnan (China) dan selatan Filipina dengan mudah boleh diiktirf sebagai "Melayu".

Mereka diterima sebagai orang Melayu tidak kira sama ada mereka bertutur bahasa Melayu atau tidak di rumah umpamanya si Arab berbahasa Arab, si Jawa berbahasa Jawa dan si Minang berbahasa Minang atupun si Mamak berbahasa Tamil.

Bahasa-bahasa yang disebut itu bukan bahasa Melayu dan jika dilihat dari sudut Perlembagaan Persekutuan, tidak boleh diterima atau diiktiraf sebagai bangsa Melayu. Walau bagaimanapun, atas kepentingan dan faktor politik, semuanya diterima sebagai Melayu dan Bumiputera.

Oleh itu, adalah tidak adil untuk menuding jari kepada orang Cina yang juga kaum pendatang sama seperti orang Arab, India, Aceh, Minang, Batak, Mandailing, Jawa, Madura mahupun Bugis, sebagai menumpang di negeri ini. Kita tidak boleh menafikan bahawa sebilangan besar datuk nenek orang Cina telah berhijrah ke negeri ini semasa Kesultanan Melayu Melaka, bahkan kesultanan-kesultanan terdahulu di Kedah mahupun Terengganu dan Kelantan serta semasa Francis Light berjaya menipu Sultan Kedah untuk menduduki Pulau Pinang pada 1786.

Kita adalah kaum pendatang yang menumpang hidup di negeri ini. Golongan yang boleh diiktiraf sebagai orang asal atau anak bumi tulen adalah mereka yang kita kenali sebagai Negrito, Jakun, Semang, Jahut, Orang Laut, Orang Darat, Senoi dan suku kaum masyarakat Asli lain yang masih menjadi penghuni belantara.

Kita tidak harus lupa akan sumbangan dan pengorbanan semua kaum dan suku kaum untuk membangunkan Malaysia sama ada dari sudut ekonomi, kemasyarakatan, keselamatan dan yang paling penting kesepakatan dan perpaduan. Semua orang yang kena dan seharusnya membayar cukai, berbuat demikian tanpa mengira kaum atau asal keturunan, sama ada pendatang atau penumpang.

Kita semua adalah rakyat Malaysia.

di petik dr :- http://kudaranggi.blogspot.com

Political incontinence

Political incontinence

Incontinence is a sign of biological dysfunction. It is often linked to the lack of voluntary control of excretory functions over urine and faeces. Wikipedia refers to incontinence as leakage that occurs under conditions that cannot be helped or stopped. Largely, they are due to stress and urge.

Patients of incontinence, adults included, are forced to wear diapers to save them the agony of wetting themselves in public.

In these days of political upheavals in Barisan Nasional (BN), it is apparent that Putrajaya must order loads of adult diapers for Abdullah Badawi and his Umno men in Penang. They are all suffering from political incontinence of sorts.

Case in hand is the way Abdullah, the temporary BN and Umno president, losing control over his henchman in Penang, Ahmad Ismail; and the way Ahmad losing control over his followers along the chain of command.

Intentionally and intentionally, racial sentiments are allowed to inflame over the name-calling of Chinese Malaysians as being the 'penumpang' (squatters) in this country.

Protracted over weeks after Umno lost in the August 26 Permatang Pauh by-election, Ahmad twice went on the racial romp, followed by Penang Umno secretary Azhar Ibrahim, who mutated a new issue, demanding for the Sinchew journalist who exposed Ahmad's racial slur to be shot (ditembak).

In the heat of things, Ahmad tongue-lashed at Penang BN chief, ex-CM Koh Tsu Koon, and urged for the expulsion of Gerakan from the 34-year coalition.

'Chinese Malaysians mimic American Jews'

Yesterday, Ahmad chaired his second PC in a week, and was seen to condone his supporters to remove Koh's picture hanged in the Umno Penang premises, and torn in the probing eyes of the journalists, and within the ranges of lenses of the photogs who covered the function.

At the same press conference yesterday, Ahmad warned Chinese Malaysians not to mimic American Jews who not only seek to control the country's economy but also its political power.

By the measure of political theatrics, this is an act that pacifies the filial peers but truly agonises the multi-racial fabric of bystanders.

By the standard of civility, it is a sheer incident of political indecency.

It also indicates the political incontinence that Abdullah is suffering from. He wets himself in public for losing control over his political anatomy.

Taking a realist stance, I do not pity Koh for being humiliated by his partners in the political coalition that he chooses to align with and to remain within. He has been offering himself a slave, rather than equal partner, to Umno all these years. It matters naught even if Gerakan, or for that matter the MCA, chooses to leave BN.

However, I do pity that 51 years of nationhood building has to go down the drain due to nincompoops like Ahmad and Azhar. Their reign of arrogance and tyranny has dealt national unity into disrepair.

Again, Abdullah triumphs by flip-flopping on his authority to stamp ruckus within his household, and submits the country to racial discord. This is not good for Malaysia.

I believe the right way to stop this malaise is that, rather than getting everyone else to leave the coalition -- as Ahmad dictates -- it's best to get all BN component parties to press for the ouster Umno for condoning the uber race politics.

That's is political wisdom that Malaysians sorely lacks.

Cut ties to developers

For Ahmad, who is the Umno Bukit Bendera Division chief, to rebuff the party's chieftains like Abdullah and Najib, it is because he holds sway over delegates who will decide the party's leadership line-up this December. Ahmad's peers at the other 12 divisions saw the same trump card and joined in the fray to ransom Abdullah, who needs their votes to survive in politics.

Secondly, Ahmad and other little warlords at the Umno division level are well funded by Chinese-run and Chinese-owned real estate developers who hooked them on on the gravy train when BN ruled Penang before GE2008.

One way to cut the umbilical chord, if Koh had already known, was to manage these real estate developers at their Achilles' heel. When the life support system is unplugged, the devils of Ahmad die.

taken from:- http://jeffooi.com/

Apa Kata Mereka?

ini adalah suara2 dr blog2 dimana ayatnyer berbunyi begini:-

[Detik 16 September ini bakal menyaksikan berbagai "insiden" yang tidak diingin bakal berlaku dalam masa terdekat ini. Hanya kekuatan semangat dan jiwa sahaja bakal membolehkan perjuangan ini diteruskan. Satu majlis pertemuan Blogger sedang dirancang dan bakal diadakan dalam masa terdekat ini. Semua ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan hala tuju dan masa depan negara kelak] -------http://anakcucunabiadam.blogspot.com/

Dua parti komponen di Semenanjung mengadakan satu mesyuarat rahsia secara bersama pada malam 3 September 2008, untuk mengkaji kedudukan mereka dalam Barisan Nasional (BN) mutakhir ini.-------http://kuda-kepang.blogspot.com/

Naib Presiden UMNO, Tan Sri Muhyiddin Mohd Yassin, malam ini menafikan tindakan sesetengah pihak yang menyebarkan khabar angin bahawa beliau akan "melompat" menyertai Pakatan Rakyat. Beliau meminta agar tiada pihak yang terpengaruh dengan cakap-cakap politik yang berniat jahat itu. Menurutnya, tindakan itu dibuat oleh golongan yang tidak bertanggungjawab untuk memburuk-burukkan namanya dan mengganggu kestabilan politik BN.------------------http://duniatiger.blogspot.com/

I feel we need to prepare the ground, and to explain to the masses of the options and potential scenarios -- good and bad -- in the days to come. Especially so, as Umno will not give up without putting up a ferocious fight while its component partners choose to jump the leopard-can't-change-its-spot racist ship.-------------http://jeffooi.com/

Kepada mereka-mereka yang tiada perayaan untuk diraikan, maka izinkan saya mencadangkan membuat persiapan untuk meraikan Hari Malaysia pada 16 September iaitu penubuhan negara Malaysia, 45 tahun dahulu, bersama-sama rakan-rakan dan sahabat-sahabat kita di Malaysia Timur.----------------http://kudaranggi.blogspot.com

ini baru beberapa keratan dr bloggers......hav to think about it or just forget it!!!1

First LuV by Utada Hikaru

Ini lirik lagu background music utk blog ni:-

Once in a while
You are in my mind
I think about the days that we had
And i dream that these would all come back to me
If only you knew every moment in time
Nothing goes on in my heart
Just like your memories
How I want here to be with you
Once more

You will always gonna be the one
And you should know
How I wish I could have never let you go
Come into my life again
Oh, don't say no
You will always gonna be the one in my life
So true, I believe i can never find
Somebody like you
my first love

Once in awhile
Your are in my dreams
I can feel the your warm embrace
And I pray that it will all come back to me
If only you knew every moment in time
Nothing goes on in my heart
Just like your memories
And how I want here to be with you
Once more
yah yah yah

You will always be inside my heart
And you should know
How I wish I could have never let you go
Come into my life again
Please don't say no
Now and forever you are still the one
In my heart
So true, I believe I could never find
Somebody like you
My first love
oh oh

You will always gonna be the one
And you should know
How I wish I could have never let you go
Come into my life again
Oh, don't say no
You will always gonna be the one
So true, I believe I could never find
Now and forever


Original Version:-

Tabako no flavor ga shita
Nigakute setsunai kaori

Ashita no imagoro ni wa
Anata wa doko ni iru n' darou
Dare wo omotte 'ru n' darou

You are always gonna be my love
Itsu ka dare ka to mata koi ni ochite mo
I'll remember to love
You taught me how
You are always gonna be the one
Ima wa mada kanashii love song
Atarashii uta utaeru made

Tachidomaru jikan ga
Ugoki-dasou to shite 'ru
Wasuretaku nai koto bakari

Ashita no imagoro ni wa
Watashi wa kitto naite 'ru
Anata wo omotte 'ru n' darou

You will always be inside my heart
Itsu mo anata dake no basho ga aru kara
I hope that I have a place in your heart too
Now and forever you are still the one
Ima wa mada kanashii love song
Atarashii uta utaeru made

You are always gonna be my love
Itsu ka dare ka to mata koi ni ochite mo
I'll remember to love
You taught me how
You are always gonna be the one
Ima wa mada kanashii love song
Atarashii uta utaeru made

p/s :- i luv this song..hik3

20-point agreement (Sabah)

The 20-point agreement, or the 20-point memorandum, is an agreement made between the state of Sabah (then North Borneo) with what would be the federal government of Malaysia prior to the formation of Malaysia in September 16, 1963. A similar agreement was made between the state of Sarawak and the federal government but with certain differences in their 18-point agreement.

History

The agreement was written for the main purpose of safeguarding the interests, rights, and the autonomy of the people of Sabah upon entering the federation of Malaysia. It was originally envisaged that Sabah be one of the four entities in the federation, the others being Malaya, Singapore, and Sarawak. However as times passed, Sabah and Sarawak has ended up being merely one of the 13 states in the federation.

The position today

There has been numerous calls for the agreement to be reviewed to take into account social, economic, and political changes over time.

The agreement

Point 1: Religion
While there was no objection to Islam being the national religion of Malaysia there should be no State religion in North Borneo, and the provisions relating to Islam in the present Constitution of Malaya should not apply to North Borneo

Point 2: Language
* a. Malay should be the national language of the Federation
* b. English should continue to be used for a period of 10 years after Malaysia Day
* c. English should be an official language of North Borneo for all purposes, State or Federal, without limitation of time.

Point 3: Constitution
While accepting that the present Constitution of the Federation of Malaya should form the basis of the Constitution of Malaysia, the Constitution of Malaysia should be a completely new document drafted and agreed in the light of a free association of states and should not be a series of amendments to a Constitution drafted and agreed by different states in totally different circumstances. A new Constitution for North Borneo (Sabah) was of course essential.

Point 4: Head of Federation
The Head of State in North Borneo should not be eligible for election as Head of the Federation

Point 5: Name of Federation
“Malaysia” but not “Melayu Raya”

Point 6: Immigration
Control over immigration into any part of Malaysia from outside should rest with the Central Government but entry into North Borneo should also require the approval of the State Government. The Federal Government should not be able to veto the entry of persons into North Borneo for State Government purposes except on strictly security grounds. North Borneo should have unfettered control over the movements of persons other than those in Federal Government employ from other parts of Malaysia into North Borneo.

Point 7: Right of Secession
There should be no right to secede from the Federation

Point 8: Borneanisation
Borneanisation of the public service should proceed as quickly as possible.

Point 9: British Officers
Every effort should be made to encourage British Officers to remain in the public service until their places can be taken by suitably qualified people from North Borneo

Point 10: Citizenship
The recommendation in paragraph 148(k) of the Report of the Cobbold Commission should govern the citizenship rights in the Federation of North Borneo subject to the following amendments:
* a) sub-paragraph (i) should not contain the proviso as to five years residence
* b) in order to tie up with our law, sub-paragraph (ii)(a) should read “7 out of 10 years” instead of “8 out of 10 years”
* c) sub-paragraph (iii) should not contain any restriction tied to the citizenship of parents – a person born in North Borneo after Malaysia must be federal citizen.

Point 11: Tariffs and Finance
North Borneo should retain control of its own finance, development and tariff, and should have the right to work up its own taxation and to raise loans on its own credit.

Point 12: Special position of indigenous races
In principle, the indigenous races of North Borneo should enjoy special rights analogous to those enjoyed by Malays in Malaya, but the present Malays’ formula in this regard is not necessarily applicable in North Borneo

Point 13: State Government
* a) the Prime Minister should be elected by unofficial members of Legislative Council
* b) There should be a proper Ministerial system in North Borneo

Point 14: Transitional period
This should be seven years and during such period legislative power must be left with the State of North Borneo by the Constitution and not be merely delegated to the State Government by the Federal Government

Point 15: Education
The existing educational system of North Borneo should be maintained and for this reason it should be under state control

Point 16: Constitutional safeguards
No amendment modification or withdrawal of any special safeguard granted to North Borneo should be made by the Central Government without the positive concurrence of the Government of the State of North Borneo

The power of amending the Constitution of the State of North Borneo should belong exclusively to the people in the state. (Note: The United Party, The Democratic Party and the Pasok Momogun Party considered that a three-fourth majority would be required in order to effect any amendment to the Federal and State Constitutions whereas the UNKO and USNO considered a two-thirds majority would be sufficient)

Point 17: Representation in Federal Parliament
This should take account not only of the population of North Borneo but also of its seize and potentialities and in any case should not be less than that of Singapore

Point 18: Name of Head of State
Yang di-Pertua Negara

Point 19: Name of State
Sabah

Point 20: Land, Forests, Local Government, etc.
The provisions in the Constitution of the Federation in respect of the powers of the National Land Council should not apply in North Borneo. Likewise, the National Council for Local Government should not apply in North Borneo.

Why September 16? Last Part

Malaysia Day is held on September 16 every year to commemorate the establishment of Malaysian federation on the same date in 1963. It marked the joining together of Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore to form Malaysia. The formation of the new federation was planned to occur on June 1, 1963 but was later postponed to August 31, 1963 in order to coincide with the sixth Hari Merdeka. Several issues related to the Indonesian and the Filipino objection to the formation of Malaysia delayed the declaration to September 16 of the same year. The postponement was also done to allow the United Nations team time to conduct referendums in North Borneo (now Sabah) and Sarawak regarding the two states participation in a new federation.

The formation of Malaysia was made possible through the introduction of the Malaysia Bill to the Malayan Parliament on July 9, 1963 and consent from the Yang di-Pertuan Agong on August 29, 1963.

Prior to the formation of Malaysia, Singapore and North Borneo unilaterally declared independence from the United Kingdom on August 31 1963, thus coinciding with the sixth anniversary of the Malayan independence.

Malaysia Day is not a public holiday.

Trivia:-
September 16 is also Lee Kuan Yew's birthday. Lee Kuan Yew was the prime minister of Malaysian Singapore.
( terkejut kaa..hehehe.. )

(source :- wikipedia)

Why September 16? Part 2

16 September merupakan hari ke-258 (hari ke-259 dalam tahun lompat) dalam kalendar Gregory. Tinggal 107 hari sebelum memasuki tahun selepasnya.

Hari ini juga merupakan:

* Dieciséis de septiembre di Mexico (1810)
* Hari Kemerdekaan di Papua New Guinea (1975).

Peristiwa :-

* 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr declared Prince of Wales by his followers.
* 1701 - James Francis Edward Stuart, sometimes called the "Old Pretender", becomes the Jacobite claimant to the thrones of England and Scotland.
* 1776 - American Revolutionary War: the Battle of Harlem Heights is fought.
* 1795 - United Kingdom conquers Cape Town, South Africa.
* 1810 - With the Grito de Dolores, Father Miguel Hidalgo begins Mexico's fight for independence from Spain
* 1812 - Russians set fire to Moscow shortly after midnight - the city is burned completely down days later.
* 1863 - Robert College of Istanbul-Turkey, the first American educational institution outside the United States is founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist.
* 1887 - The first game of softball was played in Chicago, Illinois
* 1893 - Settlers race in Oklahoma for prime land in the Cherokee Strip.
* 1901 - Alturas, California, incorporated as the only city in Modoc County.
* 1908 - General Motors is founded.
* 1919 - The American Legion is incorporated.
* 1920 - The Wall Street bombing: a bomb in a horse wagon explodes in front of the J.P.Morgan building in New York City - 38 are killed with 400 injured.
* 1940 - Sam Rayburn elected Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, widely regarded as the most effective Speaker of the House in American history.
* 1941 - Concerned that Reza Pahlavi the Shah of Persia was about to align his petroleum-rich country with Germany during World War II, the United Kingdom and the USSR occupy Iran and forced him to resign in favor of his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
* 1955 - Juan Perón is deposed in Argentina.
* 1963 - Malaysia is formed from Malaya, Singapore, British North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak.
* 1966 - The Metropolitan Opera House opens at Lincoln Center in New York City to the world premiere of Samuel Barber's opera, Antony and Cleopatra.
* 1970 - King Hussein of Jordan declares military rule due to the hijacking of four civilian airliners by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). This results in the formation of the Black September Palestinian paramilitary unit.
* 1975 - Papua New Guinea gains its independence from Australia.
* 1975 - The first prototype of the MiG-31 interceptor makes its maiden flight.
* 1976 - Shavarsh Karapetyan saves 20 people from the trolleybus that had fallen into Erevan reservoir
* 1978 - An earthquake hits the city of Tabas, Iran measuring 7.5-7.9 on the Richter scale killing about 25,000 people.
* 1982 - Sabra and Shatila massacre in Lebanon.
* 1987 - The Montreal Protocol is signed to protect the ozone layer from depletion.
* 1991 - The trial of Panamanian "strongman" Manuel Noriega begins in the United States.
* 1992 - Black Wednesday: the Pound Sterling is forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism by currency speculators and is forced to devalue against the Deutschmark.
* 2004 - Hurricane Ivan touches land near Pensacola, Florida, becoming the third (now fourth) costliest hurricane to strike the United States.
* 2005 - Camorra boss Paolo Di Lauro is arrested in Naples.
* 2007 - One-Two-GO Airlines Flight 269 carrying 128 crew and passengers crashes in Thailand killing 89 people.
* 2008 - ?????????????

Kelahiran:-

* 16 - Drusilla, daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder (d. 38)
* 1098 - Hildegard of Bingen, German magistra and the first componist to be known by name (d. 1179)
* 1387 - King Henry V of England, (d. 1422)
* 1507 - Jiajing, Emperor of China (d. 1567)
* 1557 - Jacques Mauduit, French composer (d. 1627)
* 1651 - Engelbert Kaempfer, German physician and traveler (d. 1716)
* 1666 - Antoine Parent, French mathematician (d. 1716)
* 1678 - Henry St John, English statesman and philosopher (d. 1751)
* 1722 - Gabriel Christie, British general (d. 1799)
* 1725 - Nicolas Desmarest, French geologist (d. 1815)
* 1745 - Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (d. 1813)
* 1782 - Daoguang, Emperor of China (d. 1850)
* 1823 - Francis Parkman, American historian (d. 1893)
* 1827 - Jean Albert Gaudry, French geologist (d. 1908)
* 1853 - Albrecht Kossel, German physician, Nobel laureate (d. 1927)
* 1858 - Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1923)
* 1859 - Yuan Shikai, Chinese politician (d. 1916)
* 1875 - James C. Penney, American department store founder (d. 1971)
* 1881 - Clive Bell, English art critic (d. 1964)
* 1883 - T. E. Hulme, English writer (d. 1917)
* 1886 - Jean Arp, Alsatian sculptor and painter (d. 1966)
* 1887 - Nadia Boulanger, French composer and teacher (d. 1979)
* 1888 - F. E. Sillanpää, Finnish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
* 1891 - Stephanie von Hohenlohe, Austrian-born German spy (d. 1972)
* 1891 - Karl Dönitz, German naval leader (d. 1980)
* 1893 - Alexander Korda, Hungarian film director (d. 1956)
* 1893 - Albert Szent-Györgyi, Hungarian physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
* 1898 - H.A. Rey, American children's author, creator of "Curious George" (d. 1977)
* 1905 - Vladimír Holan, Czech poet (d. 1980)
* 1906 - Jack Churchill, English soldier (d. 1996)
* 1910 - Karl Kling, German race car driver (d. 2003)
* 1910 - Erich Kempka, Adolf Hitler's chauffeur (d. 1975)
* 1914 - Allen Funt, American radio and television personality (d. 1999)
* 1916 - Robert Bradshaw, Saint Kitts and Nevis politician (d. 1978)
* 1916 - M.S. Subbulakshmi, Indian singer (d. 2004)
* 1916 - Frank Leslie Walcott, Barbadian labour leader (d. 1999)
* 1919 - Laurence J. Peter, Canadian born educator and writer (d. 1990)
* 1921 - Jon Hendricks, American jazz singer
* 1922 - Janis Paige, American actress
* 1922 - Marcel Mouloudji, French actor and singer (d. 1994)
* 1923 - Lee Kuan Yew, Minister Mentor of Singapore
* 1924 - Lauren Bacall, American actress
* 1925 - Charlie Byrd, American musician (d. 1999)
* 1925 - B. B. King, American musician
* 1925 - Charles Haughey, Prime Minister of Ireland (d. 2006)
* 1926 - Tommy Bond, American actor (d. 2005)
* 1927 - Peter Falk, American actor
* 1927 - Jack Kelly, American actor (d. 1992)
* 1928 - Lady Gwen Thompson, British occultist (d. 1986)
* 1930 - Anne Francis, American actress
* 1934 - George Chakiris, American actor
* 1934 - Ronnie Drew, Ex-Singer of The Dubliners and Solo Artist (d.2008)
* 1935 - Carl Andre, American artist
* 1935 - Bob Kiley, American public transit specialist
* 1937 - Alexander Medved, Russian wrestler
* 1939 - Breyten Breytenbach, South African writer and painter
* 1941 - Richard Perle, American political advisor
* 1942 - Bernie Calvert, British musician (The Hollies)
* 1943 - James Alan McPherson, American writer
* 1944 - Winston Grennan, Jamaican American drummer
* 1946 - Cathee Dahmen, American fashion model
* 1946 - Mike Reynolds, Australian politician
* 1946 - Camilo Sesto, Spanish singer
* 1947 - Russ Abbot, British comedian
* 1947 - Enrique Krauze, Mexican historian and writer
* 1948 - Ron Blair, American bassist
* 1948 - Kenny Jones, English musician (The Small Faces; Faces; The Who)
* 1949 - Ed Begley, Jr., American actor
* 1950 - Loyd Grossman, American television presenter
* 1953 - Alan Barton, English musician (Black Lace, Smokie) (d. 1995)
* 1953 - Nancy Huston, Canadian-born novelist and essayist
* 1953 - Eric Vail, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1954 - Earl Klugh, American jazz guitarist
* 1954 - Colin Newman, English musician (Wire)
* 1954 - Frank Reed, American singer (Chi-Lites)
* 1955 - Ron Brewer, American basketball player
* 1955 - Janet Ellis, British television presenter
* 1955 - Yolandita Monge, Puerto Rican singer
* 1955 - Robin Yount, American baseball player
* 1956 - David Copperfield, American magician
* 1956 - Mickey Rourke, American actor
* 1957 - David McCreery, Irish footballer
* 1958 - Orel Hershiser, American baseball player
* 1958 - Neville Southall, Welsh footballer
* 1958 - Jennifer Tilly, American actress
* 1959 - Tim Raines, American baseball player
* 1960 - Danny John-Jules, British actor
* 1960 - Kurt Busiek, American comic book writer
* 1961 - Bilinda Butcher, British singer (My Bloody Valentine)
* 1963 - Richard Marx, American singer
* 1964 - Molly Shannon, American actress
* 1964 - Mary Coustas, Austalian entertainer
* 1964 - Rossy de Palma, Spanish actress
* 1965 - Katy Kurtzman, American actress
* 1966 - Kevin Young, American athlete
* 1967 - Hiroya Oku, Japanese Manga-ka
* 1968 - Marc Anthony, American singer
* 1968 - Walt Becker, American director and writer
* 1969 - Justine Frischmann, English musician (Elastica)
* 1970 - Mark Schultz, American musician
* 1971 - Amy Poehler, American comedian (Saturday Night Live)
* 1972 - Mark Bruener, American football player
* 1973 - Alexander Vinokourov, Kazakh cyclist
* 1973 - Justin Haythe, American writer
* 1973 - George Corrie, English Footballer
* 1974 - Tom Dolan, American swimmer
* 1975 - Shannon Noll, Australian singer and songwriter
* 1976 - Tina Barrett, British singer (S Club)
* 1976 - Greg Buckner, American basketball player
* 1976 - Heather Hopper, American actress
* 1977 - Greg Ball, American politician
* 1978 - Dan Dickau, American basketball player
* 1978 - Matthew Rogers, American singer
* 1979 - Bobby Korecky, American baseball player
* 1980 - Patrik Stefan, Czech hockey player
* 1981 - Fan Bingbing, Chinese actress
* 1981 - Alexis Bledel, American actress (Gilmore Girls)
* 1982 - Leon Knight, English footballer
* 1982 - Michael McCall, Irish chemist
* 1983 - Kristy Coventry, Zimbabwean Olympic swimmer
* 1984 - Sabrina Bryan, American actress and singer
* 1984 - Katie Melua, Georgian-British singer
* 1985 - Madeline Zima, American actress
* 1986 - Kyla Pratt, American actress
* 1987 - Louis Clement Ngwat-Mahop, Cameroonian football player
* 1987 - Travis Wall, American Dancer/Dance Instructor
* 1987 - Daren Kagasoff, American actor
* 1988 - Teddy Geiger, American singer
* 1988 - Sarah Steele, American actress
* 1992 - Nick Jonas, American singer, member of The Jonas Brothers
* 2005 - Princess Jalilah bint Ali, of Jordan

Kematian:-

* 96 - Domitian, Roman Emperor (b. 51)
* 307 - Flavius Valerius Severus, deposed Roman Emperor (murder)
* 827 - Pope Valentine
* 1087 - Pope Victor III (b. 1026)
* 1100 - Bernold of Constance, German chronicler (b. 1054)
* 1345 - John IV, Duke of Brittany (b. 1295)
* 1380 - King Charles V of France (b. 1338)
* 1394 - Avignon Pope Clement VII (b. 1342)
* 1406 - Cyprian, Metropolitan of Moscow (b. 1336)
* 1498 - Tomás de Torquemada, first grand inquisitor of Spain (b. 1420)
* 1589 - Michael Baius, Flemish theologian (b. 1513)
* 1672 - Anne Bradstreet, American colonial poet (b. 1612)
* 1701 - James II of England and VII of Scotland (b. 1633)
* 1736 - Gabriel Fahrenheit, German physicist (b. 1686)
* 1775 - Allen Bathurst, 1st Earl Bathurst, English privy councillor (b. 1684)
* 1782 - Farinelli, Italian castrato singer (b. 1705)
* 1803 - Nicolas Baudin, French explorer (b. 1754)
* 1824 - King Louis XVIII of France (b. 1755)
* 1829 - Nikolay Raevsky, Russian general and statesman (b. 1771)
* 1864 - John Hanning Speke, English explorer (b. 1827)
* 1865 - Christian Julius De Meza, Danish general (b. 1792)
* 1898 - Ramón Emeterio Betances, Puerto Rican politician, medical doctor and diplomat (b. 1827)
* 1911 - Edward Whymper, English mountain climber (b. 1840)
* 1925 - Alexander Alexandrovich Friedman, Russian physicist (b. 1888)
* 1932 - Ronald Ross, English physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1857)
* 1933 - George Gore, baseball player (b. 1857)
* 1944 - Gustav Bauer, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1870)
* 1945 - John McCormack, Irish tenor (b. 1884)
* 1950 - Pedro de Cordoba, American actor (b. 1881)
* 1957 - Qi Baishi, Chinese painter (b. 1864)
* 1965 - Ahn Eak-tai, Korean musician, composer, and conductor (b. 1906)
* 1975 - Irene Hayes, Ziegfeld girl and businesswoman (b. 1896)
* 1977 - Marc Bolan, English musician (b. 1947)
* 1977 - Maria Callas, Greek-American soprano (b. 1923)
* 1980 - Jean Piaget, Swiss psychologist (b. 1896)
* 1987 - Howard Moss, American poet, dramatist, and critic (b. 1922)
* 1992 - Millicent Fenwick, American politician and writer (b. 1910)
* 1993 - Rok Petrovič, Slovenian skier (b. 1966)
* 1996 - McGeorge Bundy, U.S. National Security Advisor (b. 1919)
* 1996- Gene Nelson, American actor (b. 1920)
* 2000 - Georgiy Gongadze, Ukrainian journalist (b. 1969)
* 2001 - Samuel Z. Arkoff, American film producer (b. 1918)
* 2002 - James Gregory, American actor (b. 1911)
* 2003 - Erich Hallhuber, German actor (b. 1951)
* 2003 - Sheb Wooley, singer and actor (b. 1921)
* 2005 - Gordon Gould, inventor of the laser (b. 1920)
* 2006 - Rob Levin, creator of Freenode (b. 1955)
* 2006 - Floyd Curry, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1925)
* 2007 - Robert Jordan, author of the Wheel of Time series (b. 1948)


( sumber:- wikipedia)

Why September 16? Part 1

Halo,kat sini ade beberapa artikel mengenai 16 september:-


16 de Septiembre

The 16th of September of 1810, marks the beginning of Mexico's struggle for independance from Spain. Hence, this day is similar in many ways to the American "4th of July," which commemorates American Independance from Britain.

"El Grito de Dolores," (The cry in the village named Dolores-Sorrows-.) "Long live Independance! Long live America! Death to bad Government!"

This proclamation for Independance was made on this day by Miguel Hidalgo, from the Balcony of the Parish of Nuestra Senora de Los Dolores.(Our Lady of Sorrows.)

A heroic Parish Priest, who is widely regarded as the Father of Mexican Independance and a symbol of patriotism, Miguel Hidalgo De Costilla was responsible for leading the first large revolutionary forces against the Spaniards. Tragically, however, shortly thereafter, he was captured and executed by a firing squad.

Father Hidalgo's martyrdom, however, galvanized the Mexican people to struggle and fight for independance. After Father Hidalgo's demise, Jose Maria Morelos, a small village priest, and a farseeing political and military genius, rallied the revolutionary forces until his capture and execution on December 22, 1815.

Historians sum up his service to the cause of Mexican independance by stating that "with him ended the heroic days of the Mexican Revolution."

As he read of the guerilla leader's brilliant campaigns, the French Emperor, Napoleon Bonaparte said," with three such men as Jose Morelos, I could conquer the world."

Vicente Guerrero, a liberal rebel and the inheritor of the Hidalgo/Morelos tradition, continued the revolutionary struggle against the Spaniards until 1824, when the Spanish were overthrown and Guadalupe Victoria, a liberal became the first elected president of the Republic of Mexico.

At the time, the Mexican Empire encompased all of Central America and the Southwestern United States including California, New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, Utah and parts of what now is the State of Kansas. There is even today great controversy and debate as to the questionable, and perhaps unethical political means, the United States used to acquire this vast territory from Mexico. A few Spanish land grants still survive today , and Hispanic land grant heirs still argue the United States should be forced to honor land rights they were promised in the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican War.

To commemorate these revolutionary heroes, Mexico named three states after them. Hidalgo, is a state just North of Mexico City, whereas Guerrero and Morelos are two adjacent states in Mexico's West coast. In addition, many hospitals, schools and colleges, state and federal parks, universities and government buildings have been named to honor these three Mexican Revolutionary Heroes - Hidalgo, Morelos, and Guerrero.